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First amendment
The photos
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Voyager demand letter
Letter to the City of East Lansing's website provider
April 21, 1999
VIA FACSIMILE AND OVERNIGHT MAIL
Mr. Chris Torto
Chief Executive Officer
Voyager Information Networks
4660 South Hagadorn
East Lansing, MI 48823
Dear Mr. Torto:
My firm represents David McCreery, a junior at Michigan State
University and a "stringer" photographer for the Associated
Press. On the night of March 31, 1999, the East Lansing Police Department
seized from Mr. McCreery at least 73 negatives and 103 photographs
he took during riots in East Lansing on March 27-28, 1999. Since
at least April 1, 1999, the Department has published, and continues
to publish, Mr. McCreery's copyrighted photographs on its
website – which we understand that you host – at www.ci.east-lansing.mi.us/Riot/index.htm.
I write today on Mr. McCreery's behalf to request that you
remove this website from your service, or that you disable access
to it, to avoid further copyright infringement by the East Lansing
Police Department.
Mr. McCreery has not been accused of any wrongdoing in connection
with the above-mentioned riots; he is a photojournalist who covered
the riots for the AP. His photographs are copyrighted, and the East
Lansing Police Department's unauthorized display of these
photos on its website constitutes copyright infringement. This violation
is particularly egregious in light of the City of East Lansing's
and the East Lansing Police Department's false claims on the
website that they own a copyright interest in Mr. McCreery's
photographs. On April 15, 1999, my firm wrote a letter on Mr. McCreery's
behalf to East Lansing Police Chief Lawton Connelly, requesting
that Chief Connelly take the copyrighted photographs down from the
Department's website. The Department has refused to take action
based upon our request – or even to respond to the request.
I have enclosed a copy of our letter for your records.
We write to notify Voyager Information Networks of this infringing
material and to seek your assistance to stop the ongoing infringement
of Mr. McCreery's copyright. The Digital Millennium Copyright Act,
passed just last year, protects Internet service providers ("ISPs")
such as Voyager from money damages for hosting websites that contain
infringing materials. However, ISPs are only eligible for the Act's
protection if they "act expeditiously to remove, or disable access
to" such sites when notified that they contain infringing materials.
Pub. L. No. 105-304, 112 Stat. 2860 (Oct. 28, 1998) (to be codified
at 17 U.S.C. § 512(c)(1)(A)(iii)). Please accept this letter
as formal notice under the Act that the above-mentioned site contains
infringing, copyrighted materials belonging to our client, and remove
or disable access to the infringing site immediately. I have attached
to the end of this letter a representative list of Mr. McCreery's
copyrighted photographs on the East Lansing Police Department website.
I have written you directly on this matter because I was unable
to locate Voyager's designated agent to receive notice of infringement,
either on your site or on that of the U.S. Copyright Office (http://www.loc.gov/copyright/onlinesp/list/).
I hope that this letter will be sufficient to reach a prompt resolution
of this matter. However, you should note that if you refuse to take
down the infringing site pursuant to this notice, Voyager may be
liable for money damages for direct and contributory infringement.
The Federal Copyright Act authorizes the award of damages, temporary
and permanent injunctive relief, court costs, and attorneys'
fees under such circumstances.
If you have any questions, please feel free to call me at (202)
662-5111. In any event, please let me know before noon EDT on Friday,
April 30, 1999, whether you intend to take down the infringing website.
By my signature, I certify, upon information and belief and under
penalty of perjury, that this notification is accurate and that
my law firm is authorized to act on behalf David McCreery, whose
copyright is being infringed by the above-referenced website.
Best regards,
Edward J. Walters
Attorney for David McCreery
Enclosures
cc: Mr. Ozzie DeFaria (via facsimile and U.S. mail)
Mayor Mark Meadows (via facsimile and U.S. mail)
Chief Lawton Connelly (via facsimile and U.S. mail)
Mr. David McCreery (via electronic mail and U.S. mail)
Representative list of photos copyrighted by David McCreery
being posted illegally on http://www.ci.east-lansing.mi.us/riot/shame2.htm:
File: r12p17
File: r13p13
File: r12p18
File: r12p9
File: r12p7
File: r12p26
File: r14p11
File: r14p9
File: r14p6
File: r12p1
File: r13p5
File: r13p14
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